by Tobias Grill Original in German, displayed in English▾
In response to the emergence of political
Zionism as an "international nationalism" towards the end of the 19th
century, an inter- and transnational front that rejected Zionism also emerged
in European Judaism. Within liberal and Orthodox Judaism in particular, the
reservations regarding this new movement were so grave that organizations came
into being, the main aim of which was to oppose Zionism. While the anti-Zionism
of liberal Jews was primarily based on the fear that Jewish nationalism might
endanger integration into non-Jewish society and give new momentum to
anti-Semitism, anti-Zionist Orthodox Jews usually rejected Zionism not only
because of the secularist trend at its core, but also because it was an attempt
to bring about the messianic age by human intervention.
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